Behavioral and physiological correlates of stress in laboratory cats

Carlstead, Brown and Strawn studied domestic cats in a laboratory setting, manipulating predictability and handling while tracking behaviour and adrenocortical activity. Cats subjected to unpredictable husbandry and inconsistent or aversive handling showed elevated cortisol, more hiding and suppressed exploratory, feeding and grooming behaviour. Providing predictable routines and gentle, consistent handling reduced these stress signs. The study demonstrated that the social and procedural environment, not just physical housing, drives feline stress, and it established a behavioural profile of the stressed cat still referenced today. Its findings inform shelter, cattery, laboratory and veterinary practice, emphasising routine, predictability and careful human interaction as core welfare requirements for cats.