Intact carcasses as enrichment for large felids: effects on on- and off-exhibit behaviors

McPhee tested whether feeding whole, intact carcasses rather than processed meat changes the behaviour of large captive cats. Providing carcasses increased feeding-related and active behaviours and altered how cats used both on- and off-exhibit space, eliciting more prolonged, naturalistic feeding and manipulation. The study addressed a practical husbandry debate, showing that carcass feeding offers behavioural and likely dental and welfare benefits beyond simple nutrition. It also documented that effects extended to off-exhibit behaviour, underscoring that feeding regime shapes the whole daily activity budget. The work is frequently cited in support of whole-prey and carcass feeding programs for big cats, balanced against hygiene and public-perception considerations.