Research overview: genomic source attribution in feline leukemia virus outbreaks

When feline leukemia virus appears in an endangered wild felid, tracing its origin is crucial for management. This overview surveys how molecular phylogenetics is used to attribute wild FeLV infections to domestic-cat sources, comparing viral sequences from wild and domestic populations to reconstruct spillover events such as those in the Iberian lynx and Florida panther. It examines the genetic markers that distinguish strains, the inference of introduction timing and direction, and the challenge of sparse sampling. The synthesis connects sequencing technology to actionable conservation decisions like targeting feral cat control. It aims to help readers understand how genomic detective work pinpoints the domestic origins of wildlife disease outbreaks, turning viral DNA into evidence that guides where and how to intervene to protect vulnerable cat populations.