Research overview: tiger and leopard livestock depredation in the Terai of Nepal

This overview reviews human-tiger and human-leopard conflict in Nepal's Terai Arc, where recovering tiger populations in and around Chitwan and Bardia overlap with dense rural settlement and buffer-zone communities. It synthesises studies of livestock depredation patterns, attacks on people, compensation and relief schemes, and the role of community forestry and buffer-zone governance in mediating conflict. The literature examines how tiger population growth, a conservation success, generates new conflict at park edges, and how predator-proof corrals, insurance, and rapid response are deployed. The survey treats the Terai as a key landscape where tiger recovery and human well-being must be reconciled through proactive conflict management.