Research overview: testicular and epididymal sperm extraction in felids

Recovering sperm directly from the testis or epididymis provides an alternative source of gametes, especially from animals that cannot be electroejaculated or are recently deceased. This overview surveys techniques for extracting and processing testicular and epididymal sperm in felids, the maturity and quality of cells obtained, and their use in assisted reproduction and banking. It reviews how epididymal sperm rescued post-mortem can be cryopreserved and later used in insemination or injection. The review connects these methods to gamete rescue and genome resource banking. Understanding testicular and epididymal sperm extraction broadens the options for obtaining male gametes from cats, supporting the preservation of genetics from individuals across diverse circumstances.