🧬 The Felid Wiki — 3,000 research summaries

Dickman argued that human-wildlife conflict is often misdiagnosed as a simple problem of animal damage when its roots and intensity are deeply social, shaped by attitudes, cultural values, historical…

Amy J. Dickman · Animal Conservation · 2010

Yeakel and colleagues applied stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis to bone collagen and hair keratin from the two 1898 Tsavo man-eating lions held at the Field Museum. By comparing isotopic sig…

Justin D. Yeakel, Bruce D. Patterson, et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 2009

Lesilau and colleagues conducted a field experiment around Nairobi National Park, Kenya, testing whether installing flashing LED lights on bomas reduced lion attacks on livestock. Comparing depredatio…

Francis Lesilau, et al. · PLOS ONE · 2018

Hazzah and colleagues evaluated whether a Maasai-warrior employment scheme (Lion Guardians) and a livestock compensation program reduced lion killing in southern Kenya. Using long-term lion-mortality…

Leela Hazzah, Stephanie Dolrenry, et al. · Conservation Biology · 2014

Treves and Karanth reviewed human-carnivore conflict and management approaches across continents, synthesising how societies have responded to large predators from persecution to protection. They exam…

Adrian Treves, K. Ullas Karanth · Conservation Biology · 2003

Inskip and Zimmermann produced a comprehensive global review of conflict between people and wild cats, synthesising the geography, drivers, and severity of conflict across all felid species. They iden…

Chloe Inskip, Alexandra Zimmermann · Oryx · 2009

Woodroffe and Frank examined how retaliatory and preemptive killing of lions on Kenyan rangelands affects populations at local and regional scales. Combining mortality records with spatial analysis ar…

Rosie Woodroffe, Laurence G. Frank · Animal Conservation · 2005

Ogada and colleagues conducted a controlled comparison of husbandry practices on Laikipia ranches in Kenya to identify which measures reduce predation by lions, leopards, hyenas, and cheetahs. By corr…

Maurice O. Ogada, Rosie Woodroffe, Nicholas O. Oguge, Laurence G. Frank · Conservation Biology · 2003

Packer and colleagues analysed more than 800 lion attacks on people across rural Tanzania between 1990 and 2004, one of the largest quantitative datasets on big-cat predation on humans. They found att…

Craig Packer, Dennis Ikanda, Bernard Kissui, Hadas Kushnir · Nature · 2005

Hazzah, Borgerhoff Mulder, and Frank investigated the social and economic drivers of lion killing among Maasai communities near Amboseli, Kenya, and assessed an incentive-based compensation scheme. Th…

Leela Hazzah, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, Laurence Frank · Biological Conservation · 2009

Kissui quantified livestock losses to lions, leopards, and spotted hyenas across Maasai households in northern Tanzania and linked those losses to retaliatory killing of carnivores. Using household su…

Bernard M. Kissui · Animal Conservation · 2008

This overview surveys human-lion coexistence in India's Gir landscape, the last refuge of the Asiatic lion, where pastoralist Maldhari communities graze livestock within and around the protected fores…

This overview reviews the development of geographic information system (GIS) databases and surveillance systems that systematically record big-cat conflict incidents for analysis and management. It sy…

This overview synthesises the international guidance developed under the IUCN's human-wildlife conflict and coexistence efforts, which distil principles and good practice for managing conflict involvi…

This overview reviews the application of adaptive management, structured learning through iterative intervention, monitoring, and adjustment, to human-big cat conflict. It synthesises arguments that b…

This overview examines one of the central operational challenges of compensation schemes: verifying that claimed livestock deaths were genuinely caused by the target predator. It synthesises methods,…

This overview synthesises evidence that fortified, predator-proof livestock enclosures deliver benefits beyond stopping depredation, including improved livestock health, reduced theft, and easier mana…

This overview examines community-run insurance schemes in which herders pay premiums into a locally managed fund that pays out for verified predator kills, an alternative to state or NGO compensation.…

This overview synthesises comparative studies that contrast successful and unsuccessful big-cat coexistence efforts to distil transferable lessons. It reviews analyses spanning lion, snow leopard, tig…

This overview synthesises comparisons between conventional compensation (post-hoc payment for verified losses, often state- or NGO-funded) and insurance models (premium-based funds, frequently communi…

This overview synthesises research on lion attacks on humans in rural southeastern Africa, particularly Tanzania and Mozambique, where some of the highest modern rates of fatal lion predation have bee…

This overview examines how agricultural practices raise human exposure to lion predation, building on findings that attacks in Tanzania concentrated where farmers slept in fields to protect crops from…

This overview synthesises scholarship that seeks to define coexistence as a positive conservation goal distinct from the mere absence of conflict. It reviews frameworks conceptualising coexistence as…

This overview synthesises the theory and practice of compensating farmers for livestock killed by big cats as a tolerance-building tool. It reviews recurring design challenges: verifying claims to pre…

This overview synthesises the widely replicated finding that proximity to forest or natural cover strongly predicts big-cat depredation on livestock, with attacks declining as distance from the forest…

This overview reviews technological and community early-warning systems designed to alert people to the presence of big cats before conflict occurs. It synthesises approaches including GPS- and geofen…

This overview reviews how direct experience of livestock loss or a frightening encounter shapes attitudes and tolerance toward big cats, with mixed findings across studies. It synthesises evidence tha…

This overview synthesises the use of fencing, from electrified perimeter fences around reserves to village-boundary barriers and predator-proof enclosures, to separate big cats from people and livesto…

This overview reviews the use of flashing LED deterrent systems, including commercial Foxlights and the locally invented Lion Lights popularised by Kenyan inventor Richard Turere, to discourage noctur…

This overview examines research on forecasting big-cat attacks and translating risk maps into operational decisions, bridging prediction and action. It synthesises work modelling environmental and beh…