Research library
🧬 The Felid Wiki — 3,000 research summaries
AI-curated summaries for the pride’s library — verify citations independently before citing.
150 summaries in Camera-Trap Methods
Estimating jaguar densities with camera traps: problems with current designs and recommendations
PaperTobler and Powell used extensive simulations and empirical jaguar data to expose how common camera-trap study designs produce biased or imprecise density estimates. They showed that arrays too small r…
Mathias W. Tobler, George V. N. Powell · Biological Conservation · 2013
Estimating jaguar density in the Pantanal using camera traps combined with GPS telemetry
PaperSoisalo and Cavalcanti combined camera-trap capture-recapture with GPS radio-telemetry to refine jaguar density estimates in the Brazilian Pantanal, using telemetry-derived movement data to better def…
Marianne K. Soisalo, Sandra M. C. Cavalcanti · Biological Conservation · 2006
Estimating overlap of daily activity patterns from camera trap data
PaperRidout and Linkie developed kernel-density methods to estimate and compare the daily activity patterns of animals using the timestamps recorded by camera traps, treating detection times as samples fro…
Martin S. Ridout, Matthew Linkie · Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics · 2009
Estimating population size by spatially explicit capture-recapture
PaperEfford and Fewster clarified how spatially explicit capture-recapture can estimate the number of individuals within a defined region, bridging the gap between density (animals per unit area) and absol…
Murray G. Efford, Rachel M. Fewster · Oikos · 2013
Estimating puma densities from camera trapping across three study sites: Bolivia, Argentina, Belize
PaperKelly and colleagues estimated puma densities at multiple Latin American sites using camera-trap capture-recapture, confronting the challenge that pumas, unlike jaguars, have relatively uniform coats…
Marcella J. Kelly, Andrew J. Noss, Marcelo S. Di Bitetti, Leonardo Maffei, Rosario L. Arispe, et al. · Journal of Mammalogy · 2008
Estimating site occupancy rates when detection probabilities are less than one
PaperMacKenzie and colleagues introduced the occupancy modeling framework that revolutionized how ecologists analyze presence-absence and camera-trap detection-nondetection data. They recognized that faili…
Darryl I. MacKenzie, James D. Nichols, Gideon B. Lachman, Sam Droege, J. Andrew Royle, Catherine A. Langtimm · Ecology · 2002
Estimating site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction when a species is detected imperfectly
PaperThis paper extended single-season occupancy modeling into a dynamic, multi-season framework capable of estimating the rates at which sites become colonized or experience local extinction, all while ac…
Darryl I. MacKenzie, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Melinda G. Knutson, Alan B. Franklin · Ecology · 2003
Estimating snow leopard population abundance using photography and capture-recapture techniques
PaperJackson and colleagues adapted photographic capture-recapture to snow leopards, whose distinctive rosette and spot patterns allow individual identification. Working in the rugged high mountains of Cen…
Rodney M. Jackson, John D. Roe, Rinchen Wangchuk, Don O. Hunter · Wildlife Society Bulletin · 2006
Estimating tiger populations from camera-trap data using capture-recapture models
PaperUllas Karanth pioneered the use of camera traps to count tigers as individually identifiable animals, recognizing that each tiger's stripe pattern is a natural, permanent mark. Working in Nagarahole,…
K. Ullas Karanth · Biological Conservation · 1995
Estimation of ocelot density in the Pantanal using capture-recapture analysis of camera-trapping data
PaperTrolle and Kery produced one of the early rigorous density estimates for ocelots, applying closed-population capture-recapture to camera-trap data from the Brazilian Pantanal. Ocelots are well suited…
Mogens Trolle, Marc Kery · Journal of Mammalogy · 2003
Estimation of tiger densities in India using photographic captures and recaptures
PaperKaranth and Nichols extended camera-trap capture-recapture into a full density-estimation framework applied across multiple Indian reserves. They combined closed-population abundance estimates from ph…
K. Ullas Karanth, James D. Nichols · Ecology · 1998
Evaluating relative abundance indices for terrestrial herbivores from large-scale camera trap surveys
PaperPalmer and colleagues used the extensive Snapshot Serengeti dataset to test how well camera-trap relative-abundance indices reflect true herbivore abundance, exploiting independent population informat…
Meredith S. Palmer, Alexandra Swanson, Margaret Kosmala, Todd Arnold, Craig Packer · African Journal of Ecology · 2018
Evaluation of two density estimators of small mammal population size
PaperWilson and Anderson evaluated approaches for converting capture-recapture abundance into density by defining an effective trapping area, comparing boundary-strip methods such as adding a buffer based…
Kenneth R. Wilson, David R. Anderson · Journal of Mammalogy · 1985
Fast evaluation of study designs for spatially explicit capture-recapture
PaperEfford and Boulanger developed rapid analytical tools to evaluate and optimize camera-trap array designs for spatially explicit capture-recapture before fieldwork begins. Rather than relying on slow,…
Murray G. Efford, John Boulanger · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · 2019
Hierarchical models for estimating density from DNA mark-recapture studies
PaperGardner, Royle, and Wegan developed spatially explicit hierarchical models for estimating density when individuals are identified by DNA from non-invasive samples such as hair or scat, conceptually pa…
Beth Gardner, J. Andrew Royle, Michael T. Wegan · Ecology · 2009
How does spatial study design influence density estimates from spatial capture-recapture models?
PaperSollmann, Gardner, and Belant used simulation to investigate how the configuration of camera arrays affects the accuracy and precision of spatially explicit capture-recapture density estimates. They v…
Rahel Sollmann, Beth Gardner, Jerrold L. Belant · PLOS ONE · 2012
Identifying animal species in camera trap images using deep learning and citizen science
PaperWilli and colleagues combined deep learning with citizen-science labeling to build and refine species-classification models across several camera-trap projects. They showed that crowdsourced annotatio…
Marco Willi, Ross T. Pitman, Anabelle W. Cardoso, Christina Locke, Alexandra Swanson, et al. · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · 2019
Improving density estimates for elusive carnivores: sex-specific detection and movement in SCR
PaperSollmann and colleagues demonstrated that ignoring sex differences in movement and detectability biases carnivore density estimates, using jaguar camera-trap data from central Brazil. Because male jag…
Rahel Sollmann, Mariana M. Furtado, Beth Gardner, Heribert Hofer, Anah T. A. Jacomo, et al. · Biological Conservation · 2011
Insights and approaches using deep learning to classify wildlife
PaperMiao and colleagues trained deep convolutional neural networks to classify species in camera-trap images from an African dataset and, importantly, used interpretability techniques to probe what featur…
Zhongqi Miao, Kaitlyn M. Gaynor, Jiayun Wang, Ziwei Liu, Oliver Muellerklein, et al. · Scientific Reports · 2019
Machine learning for image based species identification
ReviewWaldchen and Mader reviewed the state of automated species identification from images across taxa, covering the progression from hand-crafted features to deep learning and the datasets, benchmarks, an…
Jana Waldchen, Patrick Mader · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · 2018
Machine learning to classify animal species in camera trap images: applications in ecology
PaperTabak and colleagues trained and evaluated deep-learning models on large North American camera-trap datasets, achieving high species-classification accuracy and demonstrating practical workflows for e…
Michael A. Tabak, Mohammad S. Norouzzadeh, David W. Wolfson, Steven J. Sweeney, Kurt C. VerCauteren, et al. · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · 2019
Modelling species distributions, range dynamics and communities under imperfect detection
ReviewGuillera-Arroita reviewed how imperfect detection affects inference about species distributions, range dynamics, and community composition, and how occupancy-style models correct the resulting biases.…
Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita · Ecography · 2017
Monitoring carnivore populations at the landscape scale: occupancy modelling of tigers from sign surveys
PaperKaranth and colleagues applied occupancy modeling to landscape-scale tiger monitoring, using sign and detection surveys across large areas where camera-based density estimation everywhere would be imp…
K. Ullas Karanth, Arjun M. Gopalaswamy, N. Samba Kumar, Srinivas Vaidyanathan, James D. Nichols, Darryl I. MacKenzie · Journal of Applied Ecology · 2011
Ocelot home range, overlap and density: comparing radio telemetry with camera trapping
PaperDillon and Kelly combined camera trapping with radio telemetry to study ocelots, using telemetry-derived home-range information to inform and validate camera-trap density estimates. By comparing movem…
Anthony Dillon, Marcella J. Kelly · Journal of Zoology · 2007
One thousand jaguars in Bolivia's Chaco? Camera trapping in Kaa-Iya National Park
PaperMaffei, Cuellar, and Noss applied jaguar camera-trap capture-recapture in the dry Chaco forest of Bolivia's Kaa-Iya National Park, one of the largest protected areas in the region. From individually i…
Leonardo Maffei, Erika Cuellar, Andrew Noss · Journal of Zoology · 2004
Perspectives in machine learning for wildlife conservation
ReviewTuia and colleagues offered a broad, forward-looking synthesis of how machine learning can advance wildlife conservation, with camera-trap image analysis as a central example alongside acoustic, satel…
Devis Tuia, Benjamin Kellenberger, Sara Beery, Blair R. Costelloe, Silvia Zuffi, et al. · Nature Communications · 2022
Program SPACECAP: software for estimating animal density using spatially explicit capture-recapture
PaperGopalaswamy and colleagues released SPACECAP, free software implementing Bayesian spatially explicit capture-recapture specifically to make modern density estimation accessible to camera-trap practiti…
Arjun M. Gopalaswamy, J. Andrew Royle, James E. Hines, Pallavi Singh, Devcharan Jathanna, et al. · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · 2012
Quantifying levels of animal activity using camera trap data
PaperRowcliffe and colleagues extended activity analysis beyond pattern shape to estimate the proportion of time animals spend active, a quantity needed for the Random Encounter Model and for behavioral ec…
J. Marcus Rowcliffe, Roland Kays, Bart Kranstauber, Chris Carbone, Patrick A. Jansen · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · 2014
Random versus game trail-based camera trap placement for monitoring terrestrial mammal communities
PaperCusack and colleagues directly compared placing cameras randomly across the landscape versus targeting them on game trails, using paired deployments in an African savanna. They found that trail-based…
Jeremy J. Cusack, Amy J. Dickman, J. Marcus Rowcliffe, Chris Carbone, David W. Macdonald, Tim Coulson · PLOS ONE · 2015
Recommended guiding principles for reporting on camera trapping research
ReviewMeek and colleagues addressed the inconsistency in how camera-trap studies report their methods, which hampers comparison, replication, and meta-analysis. They proposed a standardized set of metadata…
Paul D. Meek, Guy Ballard, Andrew Claridge, Roland Kays, Karl Vernes, et al. · Biodiversity and Conservation · 2014